A. Match the words with their meanings.
a. Ferment → ii. to go through a chemical change
b. Squid → iii. a sea creature that has a long soft body, eight arms and two tentacles around its mouth.
c. Witchetty → i. a large whitish wood-eating larva of a beetle or moth
d. Myrtle → vi. a bush with shiny leaves, pink or white flowers and blue-black berries
e. Congeal → iv. to change from a fluid to a solid state
f. Nutty → v. having a flavor like that of nuts.
B. The idiom 'a bridge too far' in the text means 'something that is too extreme'. Match the following idioms with their meanings.
a. get out of hand → iv. to become difficult to control.
b. miss the boat → v. to be too late to get what you want.
c. break the ice → i. to say or do something to make people feel comfortable.
d. cry over spilt milk → iii. to worry over past events which cannot be changed.
e. look before you leap → ii. to think about the possible bad results of an action before doing it.
C. Complete the sentences below with the correct information from the text in not more than four words.
a. Sometimes even having food can give us the feeling of **winning** when it is like taking a risk.
b. When we travel, we have the chance to **taste strange dishes** which we even do not think of eating.
c. The writer became disappointed while having **fermented horse milk in Mongolia** which was really bad.
d. The writer's impression of the Japanese food is **positive**.
e. any people think of **jellyfish** as scary ones which Chinese turn into food.
f. Snails become very tasty when they are fried with plenty of garlic and **butter**.
D. Answer the following questions.
a. Why does food become a challenge for people when they travel ?
Ans: Food becomes a challenge for people when they travel because they may have difficulty finding familiar foods.
b. How is haggis prepared ?
Ans: Haggis is prepared by grinding up the less desirable parts of a sheep, such as the heart, liver, and lungs, and mixing it with mutton fat, oatmeal, and spices. The mixture is then packed into a sheep's stomach and boiled for several hours.
c. When do you feel that you like shiokara ?
Ans: I feel that I like shiokara when the writer suggests that enjoying shiokara with good conversation can enhance the experience and make it more enjoyable.
d. Where can people enjoy the bush food ?
Ans: People can enjoy bush food, particularly green ants, in Australia.
e. Why does the writer find it difficult to eat larger insects ?
Ans: The writer finds it difficult to eat larger insects because they require more than one bite to consume, which makes it challenging for him.
f. Name the country where snails are served as the main dish.
Ans: Snails are served as the main dish in France.
g. What kind of food is bun rieu ?
Ans: Bun rieu is a crab-based traditional Vietnamese noodle soup.
h. If you have to choose one of the foods from the list above, which one do you choose? Why?
Ans: If I had to choose one of the foods from the list above, I would choose green ants from Australia because it is made of lemony, peppery, and delicious, which sounds intriguing and unique.
E. Which of the dishes mentioned in the text did you find the strangest of all? Give reasons.
Ans: I find "Shiokara" to be the strangest dish mentioned. This Japanese dish is made of raw squid mixed with fermented squid belly, which can be an acquired taste due to its strong, salty flavor and pungent aroma. It might not appeal to everyone's taste, particularly those who are not used to eating such flavours and textures.
Grammar
A. Match the sentence halves in I and II to make a complete sentence.
a. I bought a raincoat and an umbrella → because the monsoon started.
b. I won't be able to get to school on time → as I'm stuck in traffic.
c. The Nepali cricket team is likely to perform well in this tournament → because they have got the best coach ever.
d. The construction company has deployed more workers at the site → so that they can complete the construction in time.
e. We've decided not to go on holiday this year → since the movie was a hit.
f. The metropolitan city has planted trees at the side of the road → to reduce traffic noise.
g. The flight had been delayed → because of the bad weather.
h. We've put a table and chair in the spare bedroom → so that Samip can get to study in private.
i. Nisha went to visit her sister → since she didn't have to go to her office yesterday.
j. We had to queue for two hours → in order to utilise the time for planting paddy.
B. Complete the text below choosing the correct connective from the brackets.
[because, as, and, to, so that, because, so, because, so]
Ans: The people at the fair were leaving because the lights were going out. The last two people in dodgem cars also left as it was getting dark. The big wheel stopped, and the merry go-round had already stopped. The stalls closed down and the stall-owners went home. At 2 a.m. four nightwatchmen walked round the funfair to see if there was anyone to be seen. "I'm fed up walking around," one of them said, "What can we do as there is nothing we can do?" "We can sit and talk." They were bored because there was nothing to do on that quiet warm night. "We can have a ride on the merry-go round!" one of them cried. "That'll be fun!" Three of them jumped on merry-go round horses, so the fourth started the motor. Then he jumped on too and round they went. They were having the time of their lives. Suddenly they realized there was no one to stop the machine because all of them were on it. They weren't rescued till morning, so they felt very sick indeed!
Writing
B. What is your favorite food? Write a recipe to prepare it. Mention the ingredients and the methods to cook it.
Ans: My favourite food is Spaghetti. Spaghetti carbonara is traditionally made with raw eggs, which are cooked by the residual heat of the pasta. However, if you have concerns about consuming raw eggs, you can opt for pasteurized eggs or use a modified version of the recipe that involves briefly cooking the egg mixture over low heat before adding it to the pasta.
Ingredients:
1. 225 grams spaghetti
2. 115 grams pancetta or bacon, diced
3. 2 cloves garlic, minced
4. 2 large eggs
5. 1 cup grated Parmesan cheese
6. 1/4 cup grated Pecorino Romano cheese
7. Freshly minced black pepper
8. Salt, to taste
9. Chopped parsley (optional, for garnish)
Reading II
You Inspire Others by Learning, not by Teaching
A. Complete the crossword puzzle with the help of the meanings given below.
ACROSS
3. a method of cooking meat or other food in a cylindrical clay oven - tandoori
7. a person having administrative or supervisory power in an organization - executive
DOWN
1. a long pin for holding meat or other food while it is being roasted - skewer
2. the whole of something - entirety
4. a feeling of pleasure and sometimes slight sadness at the same time as you think about things in the past - nostalgia
5. raise to a more important or impressive level - elevate
6. remove water from (food) in order to preserve and store It - dehydrate
B. Write True for true and False for false statements. If the information is not given in the text, write NG.
a. The interview was taken in Nepal. False
b. The judges were quite impressed by Santosh Shah's performance in the quarterfinals. Not Given
c. Santosh Shah was from a well-to-do family. False
d. With the support of the chef in the tandoor section, Santosh started helping the Executive Chef. False
e. The journey of Santosh to MasterChef was full of struggles. Not Given
f. Santosh is hopeful about the Nepali food market as the food trends are dynamic. True
g. Santosh has made more experiments on food as the tastes of people differ geographically. False
h. Santosh feels sorry for serving octopus in Nepali style. False
C. Answer these questions.
a. What do you think is the reason that heightened the popularity of Chef Shah ?
Ans: Chef Santosh Shah's creative fusion of Nepali cuisine with global flavors and techniques and his impressive performance in MasterChef UK heightened his popularity.
b. Did Shah spend a normal childhood? Why?
Answer: No, Chef Shah did not have a normal childhood. He had to face financial struggles and work from a young age to support his family.
c. How does Shah feel about his performance in Cinnamon Kitchen?
Answer: Chef Shah feels satisfied and proud of his performance in Cinnamon Kitchen.
d. What does Shah want to show the world about Nepali food?
Ans: Chef Shah wants to show the diversity and richness of Nepali cuisine to the world and promote it as a cuisine of its own rather than just an extension of Tibetan and Indian cuisine.
e. Write two things that Chef Shah was careful about while carrying an experiment on sukuti.
Ans: Two things that Chef Shah was careful about while carrying an experiment on sukuti were dehydrating it to soften its texture, and preservation of the original test.
f. According to Shah, what two things make a person successful?
Ans: According to Shah, two things that make a person successful are:
→ Never stop learning and continuously improve your craft.
→ Be a positive and inspire them through your learning and experiences,
g. Why does Shah want the Michelin Star for Ayla?
Ans: Shah wants the Michelin Star for his high-end fine dining Nepali restaurant, Ayla, because it is considered the Oscar equivalent for Chefs which further help to elevate the profile of Nepali cuisine globally.
h. What have you learnt from the life story of Santosh Shah?
Ans: From the life story of Santosh Shah, we learn the importance of perseverance, learning, background, Shah's dedication to his craft and willingness to learn new things helped him achieve success as a chef. His journey also shows that inspiring others can be more effective through continuous learning and personal growth, rather than just teaching them.
D. Chef Shah cooked many dishes in the competition. If you were one of the judges in the competition, which food would you ask him to cook? Why?
Ans: As one of the judges in the competition, I would ask Chef Santosh Shah to cook" Choila" for me. Choila is a traditional Nepali dish that holds artistic significance and showcases the diversity of Nepali cuisine.
I would choose Choila because it represents the unique mix of flavors and ways set up in Nepali cuisine. It's a racy grilled meat dish, generally made with chicken or buffalo, and marinated with colorful spices like turmeric, cumin, fenugreek, and mustard oil painting. The meat is also grilled over an open honey, giving it a hoarse and charred flavor.
Choosing Choila would also allow Chef Shah to showcase a lower- known aspect of Nepali cuisine, exposing the global audience to the richness and complexity of flavors that make Nepali food truly special. This dish would give an occasion for Chef Shah to demonstrate his creativity and skill in reimagining traditional Nepali dishes.
Grammar II
A. Choose the correct time expressions in the sentences below.
a. The boys are playing cricket (already/now).
Answer: The boys are playing cricket now.
b. The doctors are preparing a report for their most important patient (last/this) week.
Answer: The doctors are preparing a report for their most important patient this week.
c. The students are preparing for a test (at the moment/usually).
Answer: The students are preparing for a test at the moment.
d. (Currently / Sometimes) the economists are working on the country's financial crisis.
Answer: Currently the economists are working on the country's financial crisis.
e. Susan is playing tennis with Tim (now/then).
Answer: Susan is playing tennis with Tim now.
f. What are you doing (this/next) afternoon?
Answer: What are you doing this afternoon?
g. My teacher is helping us with Maths problem (that/this) morning.
Answer: My teacher is helping us with Maths problem this morning.
h. The guard is ringing the bell (now / soon). It's time to go!
Answer: The guard is ringing the bell now. It's time to go!
i. She is (still/yet) mowing the lawn.
Answer: She is still mowing the lawn.
B. Write NOW if the sentence uses present continuous for action at the moment. AROUND, if action is around the current moment. or FUTURE. if the action is scheduled for future.
a. The local governments are announcing their policies this month. (AROUND)
b. I think Mr. Rai is taking class at the moment. (NOW)
c. We're meeting with Nabina later today. (FUTURE)
d. I'm looking for a new job currently. (NOW)
e. We're organizing a Programme on Wednesday. (FUTURE)
f. They are coming home right now. (NOW)
g. Mom is making dinner for us tonight. (FUTURE)
h. I'm sorry I don't have time. I'm attending a meeting. (NOW)
i. She's looking for a new home as she's sold the old one. (NOW)
C. Complete the text below with the correct form of the verb given in the brackets.
Why is Neelam smiling? It sounds like an easy question: she is having (have) a good time with friends, and she feels (feel) good after a good shot. But psychologists often argue (argue) about this question. Some believe that smiling is an individual act: we smile because we feel happy unless we try (try) to hide our emotions. Others claim that we smile to build social relationships. Some animals use a grin to show that they will not (not/will) fight, for example. Perhaps our smile serves the same function. So, who's right? In one study, researchers filmed people bowling. If you watch people doing a very social activity like this, it looks as if they always smile (smile). They stop smiling only when they concentrate (concentrate) on their next shot. But when do they start smiling again? After each good shot, the researchers took photographs to identify when the smile starts - while the player is still looking (look/still) down the alley or a few seconds later when they turn round to share their happiness with the group.
Writing II
Nowadays, many Nepalis prefer fast foods like noodles, pizza, burger, etc. to typical Nepali foods. This has an adverse effect on their health. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this claim? Write a couple of paragraphs giving reasons to support your view.
Ans: Adverse Effects of Fast Food Consumption on Nepalese People
Fast food has, in fact, gotten more and more popular in Nepal, particularly among the younger population. Fast food might be tasty and quick, but frequent consumption can have a negative impact on one's health. Fast food is frequently heavy in calories, saturated fats, sodium, sugar, and other ingredients that can cause diabetes, high blood pressure, obesity, and other health issues. Contrarily, a traditional Nepali meal that includes rice, curries, lentil soup, bread, and beaten rice can be wholesome and well-balanced. These foods typically contain a variety of nutrients that are important for leading a healthy lifestyle and are typically created from fresh ingredients. For instance, lentils, grains, and veggies are good sources of fiber, carbs, vitamins, and minerals. Finally, even though fast food may be a practical and fun option, it's crucial to balance your intake of it with traditional Nepali dishes that are rich in nutrients. A nutritious diet and active lifestyle help prevent a number of health issues and enhance general wellbeing.
